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英语时间介词 in, on, at 详细用法指南(第二部分)
上一期我们学习了 in、on、at 这三个时间介词的基础用法。这次我们再进一步,看看更复杂的情况、常用短语,以及实战练习!其实,就连有经验的英语学习者也经常被这些介词难倒,所以掌握细节、学会灵活运用真的很重要。
1. 复杂用法解析
即使掌握了基本规则,有些场景还是容易让人迷惑。下面通过更多例子详细讲解:
"At night" vs "In the night"
- At night — 指“夜晚”这个时间段:
- I like reading at night. / 我喜欢晚上看书。
- People usually sleep at night. / 人们通常晚上睡觉。
- Owls hunt at night. / 猫头鹰晚上捕食。
- It's quieter at night. / 晚上更安静。
- He works at night as a security guard. / 他晚上做保安。
- Many animals are active at night. / 很多动物晚上活动。
- In the night — 指夜里发生的某些具体(通常是突发)事件:
- Something strange happened in the night. / 夜里发生了奇怪的事。
- She woke up in the night because of a loud noise. / 她夜里被巨响吵醒。
- There was a storm in the night. / 夜里有场暴风雨。
- He heard footsteps in the night. / 他夜里听到脚步声。
- The alarm rang in the night. / 夜里警报响了。
- In the night, the temperature dropped suddenly. / 夜里温度骤降。
"On the weekend" vs "At the weekend"
- At the weekend — 英式表达。
- On the weekend — 美式表达。
- We’ll meet at the weekend.(英)/ We’ll meet on the weekend.(美)
- What are you doing at the weekend?(英)/ What are you doing on the weekend?(美)
- I usually relax at the weekend.(英)/ I usually relax on the weekend.(美)
- They went hiking at the weekend.(英)/ They went hiking on the weekend.(美)
- Do you work at the weekend?(英)/ Do you work on the weekend?(美)
- Let's have a barbecue at the weekend.(英)/ Let's have a barbecue on the weekend.(美)
介词和 "time" 的搭配
- On time — 按时、准点。
- In time — 及时、赶得上、略早于规定时间。
- The train arrived on time. / 火车准时到达。
- He arrived just in time. / 他刚好赶到。
- I finished my homework on time. / 我按时完成作业。
- She handed in her report on time. / 她按时交了报告。
- We got to the airport in time for our flight. / 我们及时到了机场赶上了航班。
- Will you be able to finish in time? / 你能及时完成吗?
- The show started on time. / 演出准时开始。
- They reached the station just in time. / 他们刚好赶到车站。
2. 常用搭配和固定表达
记住 in, on, at 的常见短语是地道表达的关键:
- in the morning/afternoon/evening — 在早上/下午/晚上
- I go jogging in the morning. / 我早上去跑步。
- They have lessons in the afternoon. / 他们下午上课。
- We watch TV in the evening. / 我们晚上看电视。
- She likes reading in the evening. / 她喜欢晚上读书。
- Breakfast is served in the morning. / 早餐早上供应。
- I usually study in the afternoon. / 我一般下午学习。
- He goes for a walk in the evening. / 他晚上去散步。
- at night/noon/midnight — 在夜里/中午/午夜
- The stars shine at night. / 星星在夜里闪耀。
- Lunch is at noon. / 午饭是中午。
- The party ended at midnight. / 派对在午夜结束。
- She called me at midnight. / 她午夜给我打电话。
- The store closes at night. / 商店晚上关门。
- Let's meet at noon. / 咱们中午见。
- I can't sleep at night. / 我晚上睡不着。
- on Monday morning — 星期一早上
- The meeting is on Monday morning. / 会议在星期一早上。
- I have a dentist appointment on Monday morning. / 我星期一早上看牙医。
- She starts her new job on Monday morning. / 她星期一早上开始新工作。
- We leave on Monday morning. / 我们星期一早上出发。
- There is a test on Monday morning. / 星期一早上有考试。
- He travels to London on Monday morning. / 他星期一早上去伦敦。
- at this moment/at present — 现在、此刻
- I'm busy at this moment. / 我现在正忙。
- At present, we are working on a new project. / 目前我们在做新项目。
- She can't talk at this moment. / 她现在不能说话。
- At present, the store is closed. / 目前商店关门。
- He is not available at this moment. / 他现在联系不上。
- At present, the company is expanding. / 现在公司正在扩展。
- in a minute/in an hour — 一会儿后/一小时后
- I'll be there in a minute. / 我马上到。
- The bus arrives in an hour. / 公交一小时后到。
- She will call you in a minute. / 她马上给你打电话。
- Dinner will be ready in an hour. / 一小时后晚饭就好。
- They'll finish in a minute. / 他们马上就结束。
- I'll see you in an hour. / 一小时后见。
💡 整句记短语,表达才地道!
3. 实践练习
试着做做这些题,巩固所学内容。坚持练习,进步会很快!
1. 选出正确的介词:
- I’ll call you ___ the evening.
- The meeting is ___ Monday.
- My birthday is ___ July.
- The train leaves ___ 7 o’clock.
- She finished the project ___ time.
- We always travel ___ summer holidays.
- The movie starts ___ midnight.
- He was born ___ 2001.
- Breakfast is served ___ the morning.
- The test is ___ Friday.
2. 找出并改正错误:
- We’ll meet in Friday.
- He was born at 1998.
- See you on the night.
- The movie starts in 8 PM.
- The lesson is on the morning.
- I will call you in Monday.
- Our flight is on 6 o’clock.
- We have a meeting at July.
- She always studies in the evening at the weekend.(注意第二个介词是否要改)
- Let's meet at Sunday morning.
答案见文末。
4. 记忆小窍门
- 想象一条时间线:in 用于较长的时间段(如月、年、世纪、季节),on 对应具体的某天或日期,at 强调具体时刻(几点、时间点)。
- 把短语放进自己的例句,多写到笔记或手机里。
- 用联想法记忆:比如 in 像“在大时间段里”,on 像“在某一天表面上”,at 像“时间线上的一个点”。
- 多看英文影视、播客,体会地道用法。
- 跟同学或老师讨论例句,有问题及时纠正。
- 用卡片(flashcards)记忆短语,随时复习。
5. 推荐自学资源
- Vocab App — 很适合用来练习时间介词和其它词汇,互动练习很方便。📱 用 Vocab App,单词记忆效率更高、更轻松。
- 推荐听 Vocab app podcast - Learn and Train English — 听听真实例句,扩充词汇量,提升听力理解。🎧 这个播客内容实用,听力和词汇同步提升。
- 试着用英语写日记,用这些介词标记事件,理论联系实际效果最好。
练习题答案
1. 选出正确的介词:
- in the evening
- on Monday
- in July
- at 7 o’clock
- in time
- in summer holidays
- at midnight
- in 2001
- in the morning
- on Friday
2. 找出并改正错误:
- We’ll meet on Friday.
- He was born in 1998.
- See you at night.
- The movie starts at 8 PM.
- The lesson is in the morning.
- I will call you on Monday.
- Our flight is at 6 o’clock.
- We have a meeting in July.
- She always studies in the evening at the weekend.(英式表达;美式用 on the weekend)
- Let's meet on Sunday morning.
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